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Salticidae (Araneae) genera of the world - an atlas
(unfinished manuscript)
by Jerzy Prószyński

Professor Emeritus, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences,
ul. Wilcza 63, 00-679 Warsaw, POLAND

e-mail: jerzy.proszynski@wp.pl

Chapter 1
CHRYSILLOIDA and CHRYSILLINES
informal supragroup and group of genera

Version August 27th, 2020


symbol of the supragroup CHRYSILLOIDA

Composition and limks. Akela, Apricia, Bavia, Bristowia, Carrhotus, Chrysilla, Clynotis, Epidelaxia, Epocilla, Flacillula, Frigga, Habrocestum, Hasarius, Leptofreya, Megafreya, Nandicius, Natta, Nycerella, Orsima, Pachomius, Pachypoessa, Phintella, "Phintella" monteithi , "Phintella" vittata,"Phintella", versicolor, "Phintella" sp. from Singapore Phintelloides Plexippus, Proszynellus, Proszynskia, Rhondes, Salticus, Siler, Tara, Triggella,, Appendix on subfamily Freyineae.

Representative species of CHRYSILLINES
A-D, K-P - Gen. n. cf. "Phintella" versicolor
SOURCE: see below in the text, All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Guide to genera of informal supragroup CHRYSILLOIDA

Text from paper 2017
Supragroup of genera CHRYSILLOIDA

COMMENT. Tentatively delimited supergroup of genera of Salticidae, having embolus arising from a fleshy basis, usually short, bent or straight (Fig. 4E). Basis of embolus may be flat, overlying part of bulbus, or more robust, parallel to bulbus. Anterior end of bulbus may be narrow and conical, or broad. Important accessory character is provided by the bend of spermophor, visible either at anterior edge of bulbus or, more posteriorly, at the retrolateral side of bulbus (Fig. 4B). Epigyne and its internal structures are diverse, may be used for recognition of some groups of genera, but not the supergroup as a whole. General body appearance and color pattern are useful for recognition of particular genera, but not the supergroup as the whole. The following groups of genera are included: CHRYSILLINES, COLONINES, ICIINES, HELIOPHANINES, NOTICIINES and SIMAETHINES.

Remark. Placement of COLONINES raises some doubts, due to imprecise diagnostic drawings of palps. Arches of spermophor in the anterior half of bulbus resembles CHRYSILLOIDA, but it is not clear whether posterior fleshy area is basis of embolus, overlying bulbus, or is it just part of bulbus with embolus connected in a different way. Diagrammatic drawing of cleared bulbus in Colonus (Fig. 7R) with long, gently bent, hair like embolus confirms that relationship, but remains in conflict, however, with excellent drawing of expanded bulbus of "Cotinusa" sp. (Fig. 10DD) (Ruiz & Maddison, 2015: 255, f. 52) whose curled embolus atop large distal haematodocha suggest rather placement in the supergroup EUOPHRYOIDA. The question requires further checks, for the time being the latter drawing is assumed to depict misidentified species.

Composition. Contains informal groups of genera: CHRYSILLINES, COLONINES, HELIOPHANINES, ICIINES, NOTICIINES and SIMAETHINES.

Guide to genera of informal group CHRYSILLINES

Gen. Akela Peckham & Peckham, 1896
Type species Akela charlottae (2 recognizable species)
See more species at
Akela-Q+M

Fig. I_. : A-B - Akela charlottae, C - E - Akela charlottae, :F - Akela charlottae, G - Akela sp.

SOURCES A-B - by Galiano 1989b: 8 (2): 49, f 1-4, C - E - Edwards, 2015: 17, f. 1A-I. Zootaxa 4036 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press, F - Gita Bodner Zootaxa 4036 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press, , G . Maddison Journal of Arachnology, All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Apricia Richardson, 2016
Type species Ocrisiona jovialis (2 recognizable species +2 misplaced ?)
See more species at
Apricia-Q+M

Fig_1_1__a A-D - Apricia jovialis: TRUE, E -F-- "Apricia jovialis" [Misplaced]. G - Apricia sp.jovialis" ©Photo R. Whyte.
SOURCES: A - D - Davies Todd V., Zabka M. 1989. Mem. Queens. Mus. 27(2): 263, t 62, E - F- Richardson, 2016: Zootaxa 4114 (5): 508, f. 17-30. © Magnolia Press, G - ©Photo R. Whyte.. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Bavia Simon, 1877
Type species Bavia aericeps (16 recognizable species)
See more species at
Bavia-Q+M

Apparently composite genus containing 16 recognizable but unrelated species. Simon (op. cit.: 470) characterized Bavia by narrow abdomen and that opinion influenced decisons of subsequent taxonomist to include into genus a number of species with long, narrow abdomen. The survey of diagnostic characters of Bavia (Prószyński 2016a) suggests advisability of restriction to species having spermathecae in a form of sclerotized, compact structure with internal ducts and palps resembling type species, species with other structures should be transferred to other genera.
Fig_1_1. A-C, G-H - Bavia aericeps, D-E - Bavia kahariana from Kalimantan, Kaharian, D-E - Bavia exilis, G-H - Bavia sp. Singapore, I -L - Bavia annamita [Misplaced].
SOURCES: A- C - Berry, Beatty, Proszynski 1997. J. Arachn. 25 (2): 117-118, 31-34, 45, D -E - Deeleman-Reinhold, 2012b. Kalimantan, Kaharian. Arthr selecta. 22(2): 115-117, f 1-9.: F - Cao, Li & Żabka, 2016. ZooKeys 630:  54-56 , f. 7–8, 43, G -H - Photo H. K. Tang , I -L - Zabka M. 1988b. Ann. zool., 41 (14): 438-440, ff. 46-51. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Bristowia Reimoser, 1934
Type species Bristowia heterospinosa (2 recognizable species)
See more species at
Bristowia-Q+M

A-B - Bristowia heterospinosa, C-F - Bristowia afra, G -H - Bristowia sp.
SOURCE :A-B - Proszynski 1984a:). Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Rolniczo-Pedagogiczne,  Siedlce 2: 14, C-F - Szüts, 2004. Folia ent. Hungarica 65: 30, f. 1-4, 8-10, 12-13, 16-17.G -.© Photo H.K. Tang (Singapore), H - © Photo J. Caleb (India). All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Carrhotus Thorell, 1891
Type species Carrhotus viduus (18 recognizable species)
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Carrhotus-Q+M

A-B - Carrhotus viduus non-type specimens (of the type species): male from Burma, female - from Malacca, two species of the congeneric status uncertain: C-D - Carrhotus[?] xanthogramma, E-F - Carrhotus[?] sannio, G - Carrhotus xanthogramma: © Photo J.Lissner, H-I - Pellenes sp. from Singapore, misidentified and labelled as Carrhotus sannio, identified by body coloration.
SOURCE: A, E-F -Proszynski 1984a ). Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Rolniczo-Pedagogiczne,  Siedlce 2: 16, B - female - from Malacca -Andreeva, Kononenko, Proszynski 1981. Ann. zool., 36: 103, f. 39-42, C-D - Proszynski 1991: 494, ff. 1322.1-4 - in Nentwig & Heimer (eds) Spinnen Mitteleuropas, G - © Photo J.Lissner, H-I - © Photo H.K. Tang. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Chrysilla Thorell, 1887
Type species Chrysilla lauta 4 recognizable species
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Chrysilla-Q+M

J
J
A. G - Chrysilla lauta, B-D - Chrysilla deelemani, E-F, H-J - Chrysilla volupe.
SOURCE: A - Prószyński, 1983a. Acta Arachnologica 31: 44, f. 4-6,B-D - Prószynski, Deeleman-Reinhold, 2010. Arthropoda Selecta 19: 19(3): 159-160, f 31-35, C-F- Żabka, M. (1988). Annales Zoologici, 41 (14): 465-466, f 122-125, G - © Photo Hirzi Hussein, H-J - Caleb et al. 2018. Arthropoda selecta, 27(2): 143-153. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Clynotis Simon, 1901
Type species Clynotis severus (5 recognizable species)
See more species at
Clynotis-Q+M

F
A-B - Clynotis severus: by Zabka M. 1989.(2): 257, t. 56, C-F - Clynotis severus by Richardson.
SOURCE: A-B - Davies Todd, Zabka 1989. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 27 (2): 257, t. 56, C-F - Zootaxa 4114(5): 523, f. 77-85 © Magnolia Press. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Epidelaxia Simon, 1902
Type species Epidelaxia albostellata (1 recognizable species)
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Epidelaxia-Q+M

A-B - Epidelaxia albostellata (Type, Colombo, "20475"), C-F - "Epidelaxia" maurerae (disagrees with type species of the genus).
SOURCE: A-B - Proszynski 1987. Atlas ..., WSRP, Siedlce: 22 (Type, Colombo, "20475"), C-F - Freudenschuss, Seiter, 2016:Arthropoda Selecta 25(1): 88, f. 8-13. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Epocilla Thorell, 1887
Type species Epocilla praetextata (8 recognizable species)
See more species at
Epocilla-Q+M

A- - Epocilla praetextata: male from Java (Java, van Hasselt, "1648"), B - Epocilla praetextata: female, C-F - Epocilla calcarata, G - Epocilla sp.
SOURCE: A - Proszynski 1984a. Atlas ...: Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Rolniczo-Pedagogiczne,  Siedlce : 16, B - Jastrzębski P. 2007. Acta Arachnologica, 56 (1): 16-19, f 5-13, 16-19, C-E - Zabka, G-H - © Photo H.K. Tang, H - Maddison Journal Arachnology. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Flacillula Strand, 1932
Type species Flacillula lubrica (3 recognizable species)
See more species at
Flacillula-Q

A-B - Flacillula lubrica, B - Flacillula nitens, C-E - Flacillula minuta.
SOURCE: A - Proszynski 1984a Atlas ... 77.Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Rolniczo-Pedagogiczne,  Siedlce , B - Prószyński in Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1997: 127, f. 69-70, C-E - Prószyński in Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1997. Journal Arachnology. Vol. 25(2): f 69-70. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Freya Koch C.L., 1850*
tentatively placed in the informal group COLONINES
See more species at
Freya-Q+M

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*FOOTNOTE. See Appendix at the end of this chapter.
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Gen. Frigga Koch C.L., 1851
Type species Frigga coronigera (9 recognizable species)
See more species at
Frigga-Q+M

A-B, E-F- Frigga coronigera, C-D - Frigga crocuta - species widely distributed: from S America to Australia.
SOURCE:A-B - Galiano 1981f. Rev.Soc. Ent. Argentina 39 (3-4): 283, f. 1-2., C-D - Galiano M.E. 1979a.. Acta Zool.Lilloana 33 (2): 119-120, f. 120, f. 12, 30, 43, , E-F- ©Photo Azevedo & Gasnier. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Habrocestum Simon, 1876
Type species Habrocestum pullatum (38 recognizable species)
See more species at
Habrocestum-Q+M

A-B - Habrocestum pullatum, D-F - Habrocestum simoni, G -H, L-N - Habrocestum egaeum, I-J - Habrocestum graecum, K - Habrocestum albopunctatum, L -N - Habrocestum egaeum, O -P - Habrocestum graecum, Q - Habrocestum albopunctatum.
SOURCES: A-I -Proszynski 1987. Atlas ...:WSRP, Siedlce 31-33, J-K - Wesolowska &, van Harten, 2002 Fauna of. Arabia 19: 370-372, figs 5-10, photo 1-2. L-P- ©Photo J. Lissner, P - ©Phot Barbara Knoflach. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Hasarius Simon, 1871
Type species Hasarius adansoni (1[?] recognizable species)
See more species at
Hasarius-Q+M

A-D - Hasarius adansoni, E-F - habitus of Hasarius adansoni from Singapore - ©Photo H. K. Tang, G-H - comparison of white-maned palps (but different dorsal habitus) of Euophrys frontalis - ©Photo M. Schaefer,
SOURCE: A-D - Prószyński, 2003: 68, f. 256-260, E-F - ©Photo H. K. Tang, G-H - ©Photo M. Schaefer. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.COMMENT: identification based on single charaters is vulnerable: in example shown above, males of both species have similar crest of white setae on palps, however H. adansoni has a pair of very small white dots on abdomen, as well as white edges anteriorly on abdomen and posteriorly on dorsum of thorax, while Euophrys frontalis has red orbital scales, strikingly black and light reflecting patella-metatarsus I and white tarsus I and II. These characters are limited to the mentioned species only, but these genera (all species) differ strikingly by male palps and by internal structure of epigyne.

Gen. Leptofreya Edwards, 2015
Type species Leptofreya ambigua (3 recognizable species)
See more species at
Leptofreya-Q+M

K6
A-C, A-C - Leptofreya ambigua male & female, D-E, H-I - Leptofreya bifurcata male & female .
SOURCE: A-I - Edwards, 2015 Zootaxa 4036 (1): 43, f. 16A-G; f. 16H, 17A-K, © Magnolia Press. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Megafreya Edwards, 2015
Type species Megafreya sutrix (1 recognizable species)
See more species at
Megafreya-Q+M


A-F - Megafreya sutrix by Edwards, 2015., F-I - Megafreya sutrix - specimen labelled "Hasarius mccooki from Java" (van Hasselt ded.) (epigyne prep. 6513; Thorell collection No 1773, Mus. Stockholm), F-I - analogous hood like epigyne (but entirely different palp) in Xenocytaea maddisoni.
SOURCES:A-F - Edwards, 2015. Zootaxa 4036 (1) : 45, f. 18A-F© 2015 Magnolia Press, F-I - Prószyński, 1984a: Atlas ... WSRP Siedlce : 59, F-I - Berry, Beatty, Proszynski 1998. Journal of Arachnology 26(2):184-185, f 112-115. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. "Muziris"[placement corrected!] Simon, 1901
NEW TRANSFER OF MISPLACED SPECIES - (FROM EUOPHRYINES)
See more species at
Muziris-Q+M

Figure - . A - "Muziris" wiehlei type specimen [?], coll. MNHN-Paris, B - same by Berland.
SOURCE: A - ©Photo B. Patoleta, unpublished, B - Berland, 1938: 146, f. 43-46. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Nandicius Prószyński, 2016
Type species Phintella mussooriensis (7 recognizable species)
See more species at Nandicius-Q

A-B - Nandicius mussooriensis (note row of stridulatory microsetae on femur I - a character resembling Pseudicius, differences in leg I in male and female deserves confirmation on new specimens), G -K - Nandicius vallisflorum, L-N - Nandicius sp. [Shazia], Nanda Devi Reserve 2000-4000 m, Uttarakhand, India, O-Q - Nandicius sp. [Nepal-5] Nepal, Northern Dhaulagiri, Suli Gad river, 2800-3300 m. 7-8. VI. 1973.
SOURCES: A-F - Prószynski, 1992a. Annales zoologici, 44, 8: 101-102, f 54-59, , C-F - Caleb, Sajan & Kumar (2018). ZooKeys 783: 113-124, G-H - NANDICIUS sp [Shazia], Nandicius sp [Nepal-5] : a) L-N - ©photos by Shazia Quasin, O-Q - drawings by J. Prószynski. Nepal, Northern Dhaulagiri, Suli Gad river, 2800-3300 m. 7-8. VI. 1973. Leg. Martens. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Natta Karsch, 1879
Type species Natta horizontalis (3 recognizable species)
See more species at
Natta-Q+M

A-F - Natta horizontalis.
SOURCE: A-B - Proszynski 1985a. Ann. zool. 39, 2: 82-83, f 32, 35-38, 46-48, E-F -. ©Photo B. Knoflach. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Nycerella Galiano, 1982
Type species Nycerella decorata (8 recognizable species)
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Nycerella-Q+M

A -I - Nycerella decorata.
SOURCE: A-B - Galiano M.E. 1982b. Physis C, 41, 100: 56, ff.9-12, 25-26, 33-35, C-D - ©Photo W. Maddison, E-I - Edwards, G. B. (2015). Zootaxa 4036(1): 47, f. 19C-M. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Orsima Simon, 1901
Type species Orsima constricta (3 recognizable species)
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Orsima-Q+M

Possibly not congeneric A-E - Orsima constricta and F-L - "Orsima" ichneumon. M -N - "Orsima" sp.
SOURCE: A-L - Zabka M. 1992b. Bull. Br. arachnol. Soc. 9 (1): 11-12, f 7-9, M - ©Photo Maddison 2015. Journal of Arachnology. 43: 231-292, f. 90m, N - ©Photo D. & F. Knowles. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Pachomius Peckham & Peckham, 1896
Type species Pachomius dybowskii (6 recognizable species)
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Pachomius-Q+M

A-K - Pachomius dybowskii.
SOURCE: A-B - Galiano 1994. Bull. British Arachnol. Soc., 9(7): 215-216, f 1-3, 7, 13, 14, 18, 20, 24, C-K - Edwards, 2015: Zootaxa 4036(1): 51, f. 22A-M. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Pachypoessa Simon, 1901
Type species Pachypoessa lacertosa Simon, 1902 (1 recognizable species)

A-B - Pachypoessa lacertosa
SOURCE: A-B - Proszynski J. 1987. Atlas ... WSRP Siedlce: 73. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Phiale Koch C.L., 1846
tentatively placed in the informal group COLONINES
See more species at
Phiale-Q+M

Special case - genera Phintella and related

These prolific species are insufficiently separated by genitalic characters (whose diversity is not yet sufficiently understood). It is necessary to include photograps of live specimens in identificarion, simultaneously with with cleared preparations of internal structures of epigyne, and of palps. Genera seem to differ by body shape and size, white spots on carapace and abdominal pattern.

Gen. Phintella s. l. Bösenberg, Strand, 1906
Type species Phintella bifurcilinea (49 recognizable species)
See more species at
Phintella-Q+M

A-G -Phintella bifurcilinea paralectotype, H-M - diversity of dorsal color pattern of true Phintella (preserved specimens from Japan: H-I - Phintella bifurcilinea - female and male, type species, J - Ph. abnormis, K - Ph. castriesiana, L - Ph. difficilis, M - Ph. linea), N-O - Phintella castriesiana - from Russia: Primore (Maritime Province), P-Q - and from Romania, R-S - Phintella castriesiana, from Romania, T - Phintella arenicolor.
SOURCE: A-G - Proszynski J. 1983d Acta arachnol.: 7, f. 1-11, H-M - Yaginuma 1986. Spiders of Japan, Hoikusha Publishing Co., N-Q - Proszynski J. 1979. Annales zoologici, Warszawa, 34:1979: 310-311, f 131-142, R-S - © Photo J. Holstein, T - ©Ono, Ikeda, Kono. Salticidae of Japan. 2009: 572, pl 45-47. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. cf. "Phintella" vittata new
Type species cf. Phintella vittata
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Phintella-Q+M

A-E - Genus nov. cf. "Phintella" vittata, F-I - same from Borneo: Sarawak, J - same from Singapore, male and female, K - same from Borneo: Brunei, L - same from India: Kerala.
SOURCE: A-E - Zabka M. 1985. Ann.zool. 39, 11: 429-430, f 435-441, F-I - ©Photo P. Koomen , J-K - ©Photo J. Koh, L - ©Photo Samson Davis. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. n. cf. "Phintella" versicolor
Type species Phintella versicolor
See more species at
Phintella-Q+M

A-D -Phintella versicolor (="Hasarius" versicolor - specimen from Japan. Berlin Mus.), E-J - old synonyms of Phintella versicolor from Japan requiring confirmation by study of live specimens, (E-F - tye of A. dimorphus [destroyed], G- - - Jotus munitus, H-I- Phintella versicolor, J - Phintella versicolor, K - Phintella versicolor Yaginuma, 1986a: 231, f. 129.1l, L-M -Phintella versicolor from Singapore, © Photo Koh J. 1989, .N - Phintella versicolor from Singapore, © Photo Tang, O - Hong Kong, © Photo Lam, P - Phintella versicolor Bali © Photo D. Petot [Photos K, M, N - presumably misidentified ?].
SOURCE: A-D - Proszynski J. 1973b. Ann. zool., 30: 107-110, f 25-32, E-F - Dönitz & Strand, in Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 30:: 398, pl. 9, f. 125-126, G - Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 30:: 334, pl. 14, f. 374, 392 , H-K - Yaginuma, 1986. Spiders of Japan in color (new ed.).: 231, f. 129.1l, L-M - © Photo Koh J. 1989, N - © Photo Tang, O - © Photo C. Lam, P - © Photo D. Petot.All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. n. cf. "Phintella" monteithi
Type species Phintella monteithi
See more at
Phintella-Q+M

A-C -"Phintella"[?] monteithi , Australia, Queensland, D-F - same, males and female [?].
SOURCE: A-C -Żabka, 2012 ©Zootaxa 3176: 62-63, f 8-18, D-F - ©Photo R. Whyte - All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. n. cf. "Phintella" sp. from Singapore
Type species
See more at Phintella-Q+M

: A-B - Phintella sp., . male 6 mm NTUsafti, Singapore.
SOURCE: A-B - © Photographs by H. K. Tang (Pen Araneae). All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Phintelloides Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019
Type species Chrysilla jesudasi Caleb & Mathai, 2014 (7 recognizable species according to Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019

Contains according to Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019: Type species Phintelloides jesudasi (Caleb & Mathai, 2014), Phintelloides alborea Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019, Phintelloides brunne Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019, Phintelloides flavoviri Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019 , Phintelloides flavoviri Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019, Phintelloides flavumi Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019, Phintelloides orbisa Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019, Phintelloides versicolor (C. L. Koch, 1846)

A-H - Phintelloides jesudasi: H1-3 male, H4-6 - female.
SOURCE: A-E, H1-3, H3-6 -: Caleb, Mathai, 2014. ©Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2(5): : 63-64, f. 1-14, F-G -Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019 ZooKeys 839: 41, f. 3, 6E-H, 17A-E, 18A-D. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Plexippus Koch C.L., 1846
Type species Plexippus paykulli (20 recognizable species)
See more species at
Plexippus-Q+M

A-B, F-H - Plexippus paykulli, C-E, I - Plexippus petersi, J-K - Plexippus devorans, apparently from plains of the Jordan, L-P - Plexippus gershomi.
SOURCE: A-B - Proszynski 2003a. Ann. zool. 2003: 143-145, f 577-578, 583, C-E, I - Zabka, 1990b: 172, f. 26-27, F-G - ©Photo J. Holstein, I - © Photo J. Koh, J - © Photo A. Senglet, K - Prószyński, 2017c: 56, f. 4C, 5G, L-P -Prószyński, 2017c: Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 53: 58, f. 4B, 5H-H1, 7B, Q. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Proszynellus Patoleta, Zabka, 2015
Type species Proszynellus nasalis (3 recognizable species)
See more species at
Proszynellus-Q

A-B - Proszynellus nasalis, E-F - Proszynellus wandae, G -M -"Proszynellus" forsteri (syn. Adoxotoma forsteri).
COMMENT: Adoxotoma forsteri is not congeneric with type species of that genus - Adoxotoma nigroolivacea, its male palp is comparable with Proszynellus nasalis but epigyne is entirely different, original description is not clearly illustrated by excellent original drawings by M. Zabka. The species is therefore listed here provisionally as" genus cf. Proszynellus" but final placement depends from future research.

SOURCE: A-B - Patoleta, Żabka, 2015 . Zootaxa 3926 (2): 259, 1–18, 49. © Magnolia Press, E-F - Patoleta, Żabka, 2015 . Zootaxa 3926 (2): 259-264, 19-21, 38, 49. © Magnolia Press, G -M - Zabka, 2004 Ann. zool. 54: 93, f 5-7. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Proszynskia Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019
Type species Viciria diatreta (5 recognizable species)

A-L - Proszynskia diatreta .
SOURCE: A - Proszynski J. 1984c. Annales Zoologici, 37: 18: 432, f 42-43 , B - Caleb and Mathai 2014. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2(5): 2 (5): 63-71, .C , J-L - © Photo J. Caleb, D-I - Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019. ZooKeys 839: 54, f. 23E-H, 24A-E, 25A-E, 26A-D. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Rhondes Simon, 1901
Type species Rhondes neocaledonicus . (1 species)
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Rhondes neocaledonicus
.: Zabka M. 1988b. Ann. zool., 41 (14): 456-458, f 93-95. By courtesy

Gen. Salticus Latreille, 1804
Type species Salticus scenicus (19 recognizable species)
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ATTENTION: genus Salticus is usually recognizable by body shape and "zebra" abdominal pattern (but that type of pattern occurs also in other genera, around the world) while palpal organ vary considerably, exceeding usual scale of diversity within single genus (S. latidentatus stands out, its classification require re-checking), it seems that most convenient diagnostic character is internal structure epigyne, sufficiently diversified but simultaneously comparable.
A, M - Salticus zebraneus, B, D-G - Salticus scenicus, C, J-L - Salticus propinquus, H-ISalticus olivaceus, M - Salticus zebraneus, N - Salticus amitaii, O - Salticus noordami, P - Salticus cingulatus, Q - Salticus unciger, R - Salticus mutabilis, S - Salticus latidentatus.
SOURCE: A-C - © Photo Jørgen Lissner, D-G -- © Photo A. Senglet, G - Paquin & Dupérré, 2003.Fabreries, Supplement 11: 200, f. 2242-2244,H-I, J-L, J-L -Prószyński, 2003. Annales Zoologici, 53: 168, f. 678-679, 685-686, 692-693, M - Proszynski: In Nentwig & Heimer (eds) (1991). Salticidae. 1991: 516, f 1379.1-4, N - Prószyński, 2000. Arthropoda Selecta 8: 261, f. 110-112, O - Logunov, 2009c: 915, f. 36-42, P - Prószyński, 1979, Annales Zoologici, 34: 316, f. 279-282, Q, S -
  Prószyński, 1984a. Atlas .... Salticidae. WSRP, Siedlce: 128, R - Flanczewska, 1981: 221, f. 101-106. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

NOMENCLATORICAL CORRECTIONS: Salticus amitaii Prószyński, 2000. Arthropoda Selecta 8: 261, f. 110-112 (Df) described on female from Israel, separated from Salticus noordami Metzner, 1999: 115, f. 79a-f (Dm) (from Greece) were synonymized by Logunov, 2009c. Contributions to Natural History 12: 915, f. 36-42 (m, Sf) (on specimens from Turkey and Iran). While holotypes of different sexes cannot be compared, females of both species clearly represent different species (the above figs N and O respectively).

Gen. Siler Simon, 1889
Type species Siler cupreus (10 recognizable species)
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ATTENTION: congeneric status of some species with type species S. cupreus is uncertain and desrves revision.
A-B, C, G - Siler cupreus: palp, epigyne & permatheca, C-F - Siler lewaense: epigyne & spermatheca, D - Siler hanoicus, E - S. collingwoodi, F - S. collingwoodi [?] from Sumatra,, F - S. H-I, M-O - Siler sp., J-L - Siler semiglaucus.
SOURCE: A-B - Proszynski 1985a. Ann. zool.70-73, f 1 -11.(spermatheca by Bohdanowicz), C - Prószynski, Deeleman-Reinhold, 2010 Arthropoda selecta, 19(3): 179,130-132, D - Prószyński, 1985: 75, f. 21-22, E-F - S. collingwoodi (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871) Proszynski 1984: Atlas ... 135, G - Yaginuma, 1986a: 235, f. 130.3, J-L - Kulkarni & Joseph, 2015: 7701,figs 1a-b, 2a-b, 3a-b, 4. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Tara Peckham & Peckham, 1886
Type species Tara anomala (2 recognizable species)
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Tara-Q+M

R - Tara anomala (Keyserling, 1882) Żabka, M. (1987). Annales Zoologici, 40:1987a: 447-448, f 22-25 , R1 - Tara[?] gratiosa: (Rainbow, 1920) Richardson, 2016: Zotaxa 4114 (5): 549, f. 199-214.© Magnolia Press, Tara cf. anomala. © Photo B, Foster.
SOURCE: A-B - , C-F - .G -H - All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Gen. Triggella Edwards, 2015
Type species Triggella infuscata (3 recognizable species)
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Triggella-Q+M

A-E - Triggella infuscata.
SOURCE: A-C - Edwards, 2015: Zootaxa 4036 (1): 67, f. 29A-K. © Magnolia Press, D-E - Ruiz & Brescovit, 2007a: 647, f. 4-5. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.

Appendix on subfamily Freyineae

Facsimile of the significat characters, selected from the original long diagnosis of the proposed subfamily Freyineae

Original text of diagnosis of the proposed subfamily Freyineae
Full text of diagnosis of the proposed subfamily Freyineae.
COMMENT: No single, unequivocal character permitting identification of proposed new subfamily. Graphic documentation of diagnostic characters generally not clear and insufficient, suggest rather composite assemblage of genera.
SOURCE: Edwards, G. B. (2015). Freyinae, a major new subfamily of Neotropical jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa 4036(1): 1-87. All ©copyrights are retained by the original authors and copyright holders, used by their courtesy.