RETURN TO DATABASE - ALTERNATIVE CLASSIFICATION
SALTICIDAE OF THE WORLD - 0-INDEX of Genera - 01-FOREWORD & KEY to groups of genera! - 02-Comparison - HISTORICAL classification of Aelurilleae - 03-AEURILLINES - 04-AMYCINES- 05-AMYCOIDA VARIA - 06-ASTIAINES - BALLINES - 07-BELIPPINES - 08-CHRYSILLINES - 09-COCALODINES - 10-COLONINES[=Thiodinines] - 11-DENDRYPHANTINES - 12-DIOLENINES - EUODENINES - 13-EUOPHRYINES-PART 0: Introduction-Diversity - 13-EUOPHRYINES-PART 1: Admestina-Donoessus - 14-EUOPHRYINES-PART 2: Echeclus-Pystira - 15-EUOPHRYINES-PART 3: Rhyphelia-Zenodorus - 16-EUPOAINES - 17-EVARCHINES - 18-FOSSILS - 19-HABRONATTINES - 20-HARMOCHIRINES - 21-HELIOPHANINES - 22-HISPONINES - 23-HYLLINES - 24-ICIINES - 25-LAPSIINES - 26-LIGONIPEINES - 27-LYSSOMANINES - 28-MENEMERINES - 29-MYRMARACHNINES - 30-NOTICIINES - 31-PELLENINES - 32-PSEUDICIINES - 33-SIMAETHINES - 34-SITTICINES - 35-SPARTAEINES - 35a-SYNAGELINES - 36-THIRATOSCIRTINAE - 37-YAGINUMAELLINES - 38-YLLENINES - 39-UNCLASSIFIED TEMPORARY
APPENDICES -AP1-Simon's classification - AP2-Petrunkevich synthesis-1928 - AP3-Bonnet's list of subfamilies - AP4-Prószynski's revision of subfamilies 1976 - AP5-Prószynski - summary of results - AP6-Aelurillus black & gray - AP7-Maddison's views on Salticidae phylogeny 2014 - MS1-Omoedus synonymy
MADDISON'S ALTERNATIVE: Tittle_pg Index Introduction Agoriini Aelurillina Asemoneinae Amycini Amycoida-incertae sedis Astiini Ballini Baviini Bredini Chrysillini Cocalodini Dendryphantina Euophryini-1 Euophryini-2 Euophryini-3 Eupoinae Freyina Gophoini Harmochirina Hasariini Hisponinae Holcolaetina Huriini Itatina Lapsiini Leptorchestini Lyssomaninae Marpissina Mopsini Myrmarachnini Nannenini Neonini Onomastinae Plexippina Salticini Sarindini Scopocirini Simaethina Simonellini Sitticini Spartaeina Synagelina Thiodinini Thiratoscirtina Tisanibini Viciriini Salticidae-incertae sedis

Monograph of the Salticidae (Araneae) of the World 1995-2015. Part I: Introduction to alternative classification of Salticidae.

Jerzy Prószyński
21 - HELIOPHANINES GROUP OF GENERA
Version July 1st, 2016.
Sources and permissions of illustrations are displayed in the IInd part of the monograph http://www.peckhamia.com/salticidae/

Type genus Heliophanus . Index of genera Heliophanillus Heliophanoides Heliophanus Heliophanus(Heliophanus) Heliophanus (Helafricanus) Heliophanus (Heliocapensis) Heliophanus(Uncertain) Mexcala Paraheliophanus Tasa (181 species)

Introduction

HELIOPHANINES are defined by possession of truly immovable embolus in males, that is being direct continuation of hardened, opaque tegument of bulbus - tegulum. Palps in males have usually one, two or three tibial apophyses, in subgenus Helafricanus there is also robust patellar apophysis. Femur in Heliophanus has robust and long femoral protuberance or apophysis, single or forked apically. Epigyne in a form of sclerotized plate, often concave or with central groove, without pockets. Copulatory ducts short, thick walled and heavily sclerotized like spermathecae, the latter are simple. External appearance of both sexes: slim bodied, slim legged spiders, small or medium size, often dark, with light reflecting scales, often with white abdominal spots. Move about on vegetation or ground. The group consist of large genus Heliophanus and a few smaller genera, classification of genera having no described males is tentative. A number of genera, previously listed in subfamily Heliophaninae, are transferred now to CHRYSILLINES.
Historical note. The main concept of the subfamily was developed owing to extensive, basic research by Wesolowska 1986, in which she presented modern definition and contents of the genus Heliophanus and proposed division into subgenera. She has subsequently added large number of new species, described in numerous publications over next 28 years.

Guide to identification of genera






Gen. Heliophanillus Prószynski, 1989 (5 species)

Type species Heliophanillus fulgens.
ETYMOLOGY. Name related to resemblance to the genus Heliophanus, and to very small size of specimens.
DIAGNOSIS. Differs from Heliophanus by absence of femoral apophysis on palpal tibia and very small tibial apophyses, bulbus passing smoothly into embolus; abdomen black with pairs of white dots. Epigyne resembling rather Icius than Heliophanus. Drawings below are integral part of definition.

Heliophanillus fulgens : Type Species [compare Icius] Proszynski 2003b. Ann. zool. 2003: 71-72, f 261-268
+ ©Photo B. Knoflach. By courtesy. QUESTION: ISN'T THIS SPECIES MORE RELATED TO CHRYSILLINAE?
Heliophanillus lucipeta: [comb. Heliophanus?, Pseudicius?, Icius?]: Wesolowska 1988a. Ann. zool., 41: 395-397, ff. 1, 2-9.
Heliophanillus suedicola : from Aden - Wesolowska, van Harten 1994.86: 33, fig. 68-74.
Wesolowska, van Harten 2002. Faun. Arab. 19: 378, figs 30-32. By courtesy.
+
Heliophanillus [?] conspiciendus + metallifer: Wesolowska, van Harten. United Arab
Emirates, 2010: 3: 34, f 17-21 + 35, f 22-24. By courtesy.

Gen. Heliophanoides Prószynski, 1992 (3 species)

Type species Heliophanoides epigynalis.
Drawings below are integral part of definition.

+
Heliophanoides epigynalis +b) bhutanicus : Proszynski 1992b. Ann. zool. 44, 9: 44, 9: 177-178, fig. 49, 51 (Type species)
+b) 177, f. 52-5.5. By courtesy.
Heliophanoides spermathecalis : Proszynski 1992b. Ann. zool. 44, 9: 178, fig. 50, 56. By courtesy.

Gen. Heliophanus Koch C.L., 1833 (143 species)

Type species Heliophanus cupreus.
Drawings below are integral part of definition.

Subgen. Heliophanus (Heliophanus) Wesołowska, 1986 (81 species)

+
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) cupreus: Zabka M. 1997. Fauna Polski 19: 5-187, figs 148-156 (Type Species). ©Photo A. Senglet + J. Lissner. By courtesy.
b)+
Heliophanus (H.) aeneus +b) apiatus : Zabka 1997. F. Polski 19: 5-187, f 132-139.+ ©photo B. Knoflach
+b) Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool. 40, 1: 10, 39-40, ff. 447-455, + ©Photo J. Lissner. By courtesy.
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) curvidens : Proszynski 2003a. Annales zoologici: 72-73, figs 269-272
+b) ©Photo Antoine Senglet. By courtesy.
+
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) auratus : Wesolowska W. 1986. Annales zoologici, 40, 1: 10, 212, f 629-639 + Zabka M. 1997. Fauna Polski 19: 56, f 140-147 + ©Photo Antoine Senglet. By courtesy.
>
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) melinus : : Wesolowska W. 1986. Annales zoologici, 40, 1: 220, f 741-751. + © Photo A.Senglet + J. Lissner. By courtesy.
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) mordax : Proszynski. Ann. zool. 2003a: 53, 1: 79, f 303-308 + © Photo A.Senglet. By courtesy..
b)+
Heliophanus (H.) activus +b) agricola : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 224, f. 795-802 + 10, 209-210, ff. 589-600
+ Wanless 1984c. Ann. Mus. Roy. Afr. Cent., 241: 70-73, f 23a-g + ©Photo Antoine Senglet. By courtesy.
+
Heliophanus (H.) agricoloides : Wunderlich J. 1987: 277-278, f 695-698. + ©Photo J. Lissner.t. By courtesy.
b)
Heliophanus (H.) auratus + aviculus :Zabka 1997. F. Polski 56, f 140-147 + ©Photo Antoine Senglet +Wesolowska 1986.
Ann. zool., 40, 1: 9, 29, ff.` 279-288. By courtesy.
>
b)c)
Heliophanus (H.) baikalensis +b) butemboensis +c) conspicuus : Proszynski. 1979. Ann. zool., 34: 308, ff. 98-100
+ Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 1: 10, 45, ff. 536-537 + Marusik, Cutler 1989. A. arachn. 37: 54, figs 4-7
+b) Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 8, 24, ff. 199-200 +c) Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 10, 41-42, ff. 487-491,
901-map.10. By courtesy.
Heliophanus (H.) creticus: Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 10, 40-41, f 467-475. By courtesy.
>+
b)+ c)
Heliophanus (H.) dampfi + camtschadalicus + deamatus : Proszynski J. 1979. Ann. zool. 34: 309, f. 103 + 309, f. 103
+ Zabka 1997. F. Polski 19: 5-187, figs 157-165 + ©Photo Photo J. Lissner +b) Wesolowska, Marusik 1990: 91, f. 1-5
+ Peckhams 1903. 14 (1): tab. 20, figs 3a-c. By courtesy.
Heliophanus (H.) decoratus: Proszynski 2003a. Annales zoologici. 53 (1): 73-75, figs 273-280. By courtesy
+
Heliophanus (H.) dubius : Zabka M. 1997. F. Polski 19: 5-187, figs 166-173.+ ©Photo J. Lissner. By courtesy.
b)
c)
Heliophanus (H.) dunini +b) koktas +c) falcatus: Rakov, Logunov 1996a. Arthr. Sel. 5 (3/4): 80-82, figs 51-54,
59-60, 61 +b) 89, figs 87-96. +c) Wesolowska 1986. Ann.s zool., 40, 1: 9, 35, f. 367-375. By courtesy
+
Heliophanus (H.) dux :Wesolowska, van Harten 1994. Yemeni-Germ. Plant Prot. Proj. 86: 35, fig. 75-83. By courtesy
Heliophanus (H.) encifer: Proszynski 2003a. Annales zoologici. 53 (1): 77, figs 287-291. By courtesy
+
Heliophanus (H.) equester : Proszynski 2003a. Annales zoologici.: 77-78, f 292-295 + ©Photo A. Weinstein. By courtesy.
+
Heliophanus (H.) flavipes : Zabka 1997. F. Polski 19: 5-187, figs 174-181 + ©Photo A. Senglet + J. Lissner. By courtesy.
+
Heliophanus (H.) cassinicola : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 8, 28, ff. 261-278, 917 + ©Photo B. Knoflach. By courtesy.
b)
Heliophanus (H.) forcipifer +b) gladiator :Rakov, Logunov 1996a. Arthr. Sel. 5 (3/4): 88-89, figs 61, 76-83
+b) Wesolowska 1986. Annales zoologici, 40, 1: 10, 38, ff. 434-437. By courtesy.
b)c)d)
Heliophanus (H.) glaucus +b) hamifer +c) harpago +d) ibericus : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 10, 208, ff. 558,
567-569 +b) 9, 37, ff. 420-431 +c) 9,33, ff. 341-345 +d) 10, 209, ff. 585-588 By courtesy.
b)c)
Heliophanus (H.) imerinensis +b) improcerus +c) innominatus : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 9, 37, f 412-419
+b) 9, 35, ff. 376-383, 921 +c) 9, 38, ff. 432-433. By courtesy.
b)
c)d)
Heliophanus (H.) kankanensis +b) lawrencei +c) mauricianus +d) maralal[?] : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1:
9, 36, ff. 384-400, + 9, 34, ff. 359-366, +9, 36, ff. 401-411 +d) Wesolowska 2003. 14(2): 272-273, figs 73-74. By courtesy.
Heliophanus (H.) kochii :Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 217, f 702-717 + ©Photo Senglet + J. Lissner. By courtesy.
+
Heliophanus (H.) lineiventris : Proszynski 1982.. Ann. hist. nat. Mus. hung., 74: 1982: 283-284, ff. 28, 31, 35
+ ©Photo J. Lissner. By courtesy.
b)
Heliophanus (H.) montanus +b) ndumoensis :Wesolowska 2006b. Afr. Ent., 14 (2): 233-234, f 38-39
+b) Wesołowska, Haddad 2013: 54 (1): 205-206, f 12, 82–85. By courtesy.
+
Heliophanus (H.) orchesta : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 9, 30, ff. 295-309 + ©Photo T. Szuts. By courtesy.
+>
Heliophanus (H.) parvus: Wesolowska, van Harten 2002. F. Arabia 19: 379, f 33-37 + ©Photo B. Knoflach. By courtesy
+
Heliophanus (H.) patagiatus Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 221, ff. 752-759 + ©Photo B. Knoflach. By courtesy.
+b)
Heliophanus (H.) potanini +b) pratti : Proszynski 1982. Ann. hist. nat. Mus. hung. 74: 284-285, ff. 29, 32
+ Wesolowska 1981. Ann. zool., 36, 1: 133-134, f 14-17 +b) 1986, 40, 1: 10, 39, ff. 442-446
b)c)d)
Heliophanus (H.) ramosus +b) semirasus +c) robustus +d) comorensis :Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 10,
42, ff. 503-506 +b) 9, 34, ff. 354-358 +c) Wesołowska, Russel-Smith 2011. Ann. zool. 61(3): 573-574, f 69-74, 225
+d) Dierkens, 2012: 72-73, f 7-11. By courtesy.
+
Heliophanus (H.) rufithorax :Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 218, ff. 718-725 + ©Photo A. Senglet. By courtesy.
+
Heliophanus (H.) simplex :Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 10, 210, ff. 601-611 + ©Photo J. Lissner. By courtesy.
+b)c)d)
Heliophanus (H.) sororius +b) splendidus +c) tristis +d) wesolowskae : Wesolowska 2003a. Genus, 14(2): 286-287, f 122-126 + Wesolowska, Haddad C.R., 2014. Lesotho. Afr. Invert. 55 (2), 246-247, f 33 +b) 287-289, figs 127-132 +d) 289-289, figs 133-134. Rakov, Logunov 1996. Arthr. Sel. 5 (3/4): 101, f 61, 140-145. By courtesy
++
Heliophanus (H.) tribulosus :Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 10, 42, ff. 492-502+ ©Photo A. Senglet + J. Lissner.
b)c)
Heliophanus (H.) transvaalicus +b) turanicus +c) excentricus :Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 9, 33, ff. 346-353
+b) Rakov, Logunov 1996a. Arthr. Sel. 5 (3/4): 99, figs 21, 30, 55-56, 132-136 +c) Ledoux, 2007. 17(2): 27-28,
f 25 + Dierkens 2012. 71, 4-6. By courtesy.
>>b)
Heliophanus (H.) ussuricus + verus: Proszynski 1982. Ann. hist. nat. Mus. hung. 74: 285, f 30 + 1979 Ann. zool., 34: 310,
+ © Ono, Ikeda, Kono 2009: 572. + Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 224, f. 795-802. By courtesy.
+
b)
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) capicola +b) deformis : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 225, ff. 807-813 + Wesołowska, Haddad C.R., 2014. Lesotho. Afr. Invert. 55 (2), 237-238, f 24, 25+b) 11, 226, ff. 819-824. . By courtesy
b)c)
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) difficilis +b) africanus +c) feltoni : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool.,40, 1: 11, 226, f 825-827
+b) 11, 224, ff. 803-804 +c) Logunov, 2009. Turkey. Contrib. Nat. History 12: 901-903, 1-5, map 1..
b)c)+
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) acutissimus +b) menemeriformis +c) chovdensis : Wesolowska. 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1:
11, 222, f 762-765 +b) 230, f 866-870 +c) Proszynski 1982. Ann. hist. nat. Mus. hung.: 283, f. 34 + Rakov, Logunov
1996a: Arthr. Sel. 5 (3/4): 70-70, figs 10-20. By courtesy.
b)
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) iranus +b) pauper Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 223, f 776-786 +11, 228-229, f 850-851 .
+b)
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) abditus +b) xerxesi : Wesolowska. 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 221, ff. 760-761
+ .Wesolowska, van Harten. UA Emir., 2010: 3: 36-37 +b) Logunov, 2009. Contrib. Nat. History 12: 905-907, 13-17.
+b)
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) gramineus +b) konradthaleri: Wesołowska & Haddad 2013. Afr. Invert.: 54 (1): 204-205,
f 11, 80, 81 +b) Logunov, 2009. Turkey. Contrib. Nat. History 12: 903-905, 6-12. By courtesy.
+b)c)
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) infaustus [s. orchestioides] +b) kittenbergeri +c) vittatus [misplaced]: Wesolowska 2012a.
Afr. zool. 20(2): 328-329 + Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 9, 32, ff. 327-340 + Wesolowska, Cumming 2008. Ann. zool.
58:182, f 44-49 +b) Caporiacco. 1947: fig 68 +c) Denis, 1958. Videns. Meddr dansk naturh. Foren.: 106, f. 35. By courtesy.
+b)
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) lesserti +b) machaerodus : Wesolowska 2011. © Genus, 22(2): 315-316, f 20-24, 88
+ Wesolowska W. 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 9, 31, ff. 320-326 +b) 11, 219, ff. 726-732. By courtesy.
+
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) malus : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 223, f 787-788,
+ Proszynski. Ann. zool.. 2003a: 79, figs 300-302. By courtesy.
b)+
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) pygmaeus + similior [misplaced] + sp : Wesolowska W. 2004b.15(2): 275-280, f 1-13
+b) Ledoux, 2007. Rev. Arachn. 17(2): 30-31, f 27, 28, 29C +31, f 27c-d, 29e. By courtesy.
b)c)
Heliophanus (Heliophanus) stylifer +b) tenuitas +c) variabilis : Wesolowska W. 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 10, 43, ff. 507-513
+b)Wesolowska 2011. © Genus, 22(2): 318-319, f 28-31 +c) Ledoux, 2007. Rev. Arachn. 17(2): 25, f 25 [sic! =26], 30. \\\
Heliophanus mucronatus : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 227, ff. 837-842. By courtesy.

Subgen. Heliophanus (Helafricanus) Wesołowska, 1986 (49 species)

+
b)+
Heliophanus (H-afr.) patellaris +b) (H-afr.) saudis : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool. 40, 1: 8, 22, ff. 163-175 +Wesołowska, Haddad C.R., 2014 . Lesotho. Afr. Invert. 55 (2), 245-246, f 30-31, 49-55 +b) Proszynski 1989. Fauna Saudi Arabia. 10: 37, figs 5-8 + Wesolowska, van Harten 1994: 40-42, f 86-92. By courtesy.
b)c)d)
Heliophanus (H-afr.) aethiopicus +b) anymphos +c) bolensis +d) kovacsi : Wesolowska 2003. Genus, 14(2): 250-253,
figs 1-9 +b) 253-254, f 10-13 +c) 254-256, figs 14-20 +d) 268-270, figs 62-66.. By courtesy.
b)
Heliophanus (H-afr.) brevis + bisulcus : Wesolowska W. 2003. Genus, 14(2): 256-257, figs 21-24 +b) Haddad, Wesołowska
2013: 24(3-4): 478-479, f 40-43, 52. By courtesy.
b)
Heliophanus (H-afr.) congolensis +b) jacksoni :Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 8, 19-20, ff. 124-132, + Wesołowska 2011.
39: 482-483, f 1-610, 209-210, ff. 589-600. By courtesy.
Heliophanus (H-afr.) debilis: Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 8, 21, ff. 148-162. By courtesy.
b)+
Heliophanus (H-afr.) demonstrativus +b) edentulus :Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 8, 19, ff. 118-123 +b) Proszynski
2003a. Ann. zool.. 53, 1: 75-77, f 281-286 + Metzner 1999. Andrias 14: 98, 217, table 63a-h. By courtesy.
b)
Heliophanus (H-afr.) fascinatus +b) giltayi :Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 8, 23, f. 186-198 +b) 9, 24, ff. 201-209.
Heliophanus (Helafricanus) furvus : Wesolowska, Haddad C.R., 2014 . Lesotho. Afr. Invert. 55 (2), 239-241, f 26, 27, 34–40.
b)+
Heliophanus (H-afr.) hastatus +b) heurtaultae : Wesolowska 2003. Genus, 14(2): 263-265, figs 43-48
+b) Rollard, Wesolowska 2002. Zoosystema, 24 (2): 293, f 8A-F, 9A-D.
+
Heliophanus (H-afr.) proszynskii : 282-284, figs 108-113 + Wesolowska, Haddad 2014 . Lesotho. Afr. Invert. 55 (2), 245-246, f 32, 56–61.
b)
Heliophanus (H-afr.) kilimanjaroensis +b) kenyaensis :Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 9, 28, ff. 259-260 + 9, 26,
ff. 240-252 . By courtesy.
b)c)d)
Heliophanus (H-afr.) leucopes +b) megae +c) nanus +d) pistaciae : Wesolowska 2003a. Genus, 14(2): 270-270, f 67-72
+ 274, f 75-80 + 274-276, f 81-86 + 280-282, f 101-107 + 282-284, figs 108-113. By courtesy.
b)c)
Heliophanus (H-afr.) minutissimus +b) xanthopes c) paulus: Proszynski 1987. Atlas ...: 57 +b) Wesolowska 2003a. Genus, 14(2): 291-293, figs 138-145 +c) Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 8, 22, f 180-185. By courtesy.
b)
Heliophanus (H-afr.) rutrosus +b) validus :Wesolowska 2003a. Genus, 14(2): 284-286, f 114-121
+b) Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 9, 27, ff. 253-258, 907. By courtesy.
++
Heliophanus (H-afr.) trepidus : Proszynski 1987: 57 + Wesolowska W. 1986. Annales zoologici, 40, 1: 8, 20, ff. 133-147, 908-map + Wesolowska W. 2003a. Genus, 14(2): 290-291, figs 135-137.By courtesy.
+
Heliophanus (H-afr.) undecimmaculatus: .Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 8, 18, ff. 105-117 Wesolowska W., A. Russel-Smith, 2000. Tropical Zoology, 13 (1): 38, figs 71-72. By courtesy.
+
Heliophanus (H-afr.) activus : Wesolowska W. 1986. Annales zoologici, 40, 1: 11, 224, f. 795-802, 906-map + Saaristo, 2010: 185, f. 27.57-63. By courtesy . By courtesy.
>
Heliophanus (H-afr.) transversus : Wesolowska W., Haddad C.R., 2014 . Lesotho. Afr. Invert. 55 (2), 248-250, f 62–68. By courtesy. By courtesy.
b)c)d)
Heliophanus (Helafricanus) papyri +b) erythropleurus +c) villosus +d) crudeni : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1:
11, 221, ff. 760-761 +b) 11, 226, f 828. +c) 8, 22, ff. 176-179 +d) 9, 26, f 231-239, 912. By courtesy.
b)
Heliophanus (Helafricanus) aberdarensis +b) imperator: Wesołowska & Haddad 2013. Afr. Invert.: 54 (1): 202-203,
f 72–79 +b) Wesolowska 2003a. Genus, 14(2): 263-266, figs 49-54 (female described in H. gladiator). By courtesy.
b)
Heliophanus (Helafricanus) canariensis +b) alienus : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 222, ff. 766-774
+b) 11, 225, ff. 805-806. By courtesy.
b)+c)
Heliophanus (Helafricanus) insperatus +b) marshalli +c) soudanicus : Wesolowska 2003. Genus, 14(2): 268, figs 55-61
+b) Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 8, 16, ff. 75-78 + Peckham, Peckham 1903. 14 (1): tab. 20, figs 5-5
+c) Berland, Millot 1941. 12, 2: 324 f. 27. By courtesy.
b)
Heliophanus (Helafricanus) modicus +b) nobilis : Wesolowska W. 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 9, 25, ff. 215-225 +b) Wesolowska W. 2003. Genus, 14(2): 276, figs 87-90. By courtesy.

Subgen. Heliophanus (Heliocapensis) Wesolowska, 1986 (13 species)

b)
Heliophanus (H-cap) peckhami +b) termitophagus: Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool. 40, 1: 8, 13, ff. 18-38 +b)
Wesolowska, Haddad 2002. Trop. Zool. 15 (1): 197-207, f 1-4 [incl. environment - termite mound]. By courtesy.
b)c)
Heliophanus (H-cap) capensis +b) mirabilis +c) charlesi : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool. 40, 1: 8, 12-13, ff. 12-17 b) Wesolowska +Haddad 2013 Trop. Zool. : 24(3-4): 480-481 , f 44-47, 53 +c) Wesolowska 2003. Genus, 14(2): 259-261, f 30-35.
>
Heliophanus (H-cap) claviger +b) deserticola : Wesołowska, Haddad 2009. Afr. Invert. 50(1): 41-42, 68-72
+ Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool. 40, 1: 8, 15, ff. 54-63 +b) 8, 12, ff. 4-9. By courtesy.
b)c)d)
Heliophanus (H-cap) eucharis +b) portentosus +c) redimitus +d) thaleri: Wesolowska W. 1986. Ann. zool. 40, 1: 8, 15,
ff. 64-69 +b) 8, 14, ff. 45-49 +c) 8, 12, f. 10-11 8, 12, f. 10-11 +d) 2009c. S.A. Contrib. Nat. Hist. 12: 1409-1411, f 1-5.
b)c)
Heliophanus (Heliocapensis) canariensis +b) chicangawanus c) bellus : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 222,
ff. 766-774, 902 +b) 225, f 814-818 +c) 14, ff. 39-44, 914. By courtesy.
Heliophanus (Heliocapensis) maluti : Wesolowska W., Haddad C.R., 2014 . Lesotho. Afr. Invert. 55 (2), 241-242, f 28, 29, 41–47. By courtesy.

Subgen. Heliophanus (UNCERTAIN) Wesolowska, 1986 (5 species)

b)
Heliophanus (uncertain) berlandi +b) uvirensis : Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool. 40, 1: 186, 231 f 871-872 +b) 229, f 852-853.
b) c)
Heliophanus (uncertain) horrifer +b) macentensis +c) ochrichelis: Wesolowska 1986. Ann. zool., 40, 1: 11, 227, ff. 829-830
+b) 11, 223, ff. 776-786+ c) 11, 228, ff. 848-849. By courtesy.

Gen. Imperceptus Proszynski, 1992 (1 species)

Type species minutus.
Drawings below are integral part of definition.

Imperceptus minutus :Proszynski J. 1992b. Ann. zool. 44, 9: 181, f 65-66. By courtesy.

Gen. Mexcala Peckham & Peckham, 1902 (23 species)

Type species Mexcala rufa.
Drawings below are integral part of definition.

>b)>
Mexcala rufa +b) elegans : Proszynski 1984c. Atlas ...: 83.Type species + Wesolowska 2009a. Genus, 20: 176-177, f 95-99
+ 158-161, f 2 + Wesolowska, Haddad 2009. Afr. Invert. 50(1): 101-104. By courtesy.
>>
Mexcala agilis + angolensis + fizi: Wesolowska 2009a. Genus, 20: 153-155, f 3-14 + 155-157, f 15-17. +
+ 162-163, f 47-49. By courtesy.
>
Mexcala farsensis + formosa: Logunov 2001b. Arthr. Sel. 10 (1): 61, f 1-3 + Wesołowska, Tomasiewicz, 2008. J. Afr. Zool., 4: 24-26, 95-98. By courtesy.
++
Mexcala caerulea + kabon + meridiana + : Wesolowska 2009a. Genus, 20: 157-158, f 18-29 + 164-166, f 53-61 + 168, f 67-68.
+
Mexcala macilenta : Wesolowska W., A. Russel-Smith. 2000. Trop. Zool., 13 (1): 68-70, f 181-184
+ Wesołowska, Tomasiewicz, 2008. J. Af. Zool. 4: 26, photo 210. By courtesy.
+
Mexcala monstrata + namibica :Wesolowska W., van Harten A. 2007. F. Arabia, 23: 228-229, f 111-117, 18-19
+ Wesołowska 2009a. Genus, 20: 170, f 77-79. By courtesy.
b)c)d)
Mexcala nigrocyanea +ovambo + quadrimaculata + signata + : Wesołowska 2009a. Genus, 20: 171-173, f 80-83
+ 173-174, f 84-87 + 174-176, f 88-94 + 177-179, f 100-103. By courtesy.
+
Mexcala smaragdina +Mexcala sp : Wesołowska, Edwards 2012. Ann. zool.: 62(4): 752-753, f 66–69, 127
+ Wesołowska 2009a. Genus, 20: 184-185, f 123-126. By courtesy.
b)c)
Mexcala synagelese + torquata + vicina : Wesolowska 2009a. Genus, 20: 179-181, f 104-113 + 181-182,
f 114-119 + 182-184, f 120-122. By courtesy.

Gen. Paraheliophanus Clark, Benoit, 1977 (4 species)

Type species Paraheliophanus subinstructus.
Drawings below are integral part of definition.

b)c)
Paraheliophanus subinstructus + jeanae + sanctaehelenae: Clark, Benoit 1977. Ann. Mus. roy. afr. centr.
(Zool.-Ser. 8), 220: 92, f 37a-d. + 93, f 38 + 95, f 39a-d. By courtesy.
Paraheliophanus napoleon: Clark, Benoit 1977. Ann. Mus. roy. afr. centr. (Zool.-Ser. 8), 220: 96, f 40a-c. By courtesy. .

Gen. Tasa Wesolowska, 1981 (2 species)

Type species Tasa davidi.
Drawings below are integral part of definition.
REMARKS. Suguro and Yahata, 2014: 63(2): 87-97, f 25, 27, 28 match female purporting to be Nepalicius coreanus with male Tasa nipponica as a new combination Tasa coreanica. They argument that this is borne by gene sequencing, but provide no data on taxonomic validity, diversity and stability of the data they rely on. Their matching is not supported by cohabitation of these sexes, nor any other biological or ecological observations, the key characters of these genera are not mentioned in their description. For these reasons their merging of male and female of these species is considered unproven and nomenclatorical proposals rejected.

b)>>
+c)
Tasa davidi + T. nipponica : Wesolowska 1981b. Ann. zool. 36: 157-159, f 88-92 + Bohdanowicz, Proszynski Ann. zool., 41, 2: 143-144, f 300-303 + Ikeda 1995c. Acta arachn. 44: 163-166, f 15-20.+ Namkung 2002: 590, f 43.34a-b +c) MISMATCHED GENERA: female Nepalicius koreanus and male Tasa nipponica : Suguro, Yahata, 2014: 63(2): 87-97, f 25, 27, 28. By courtesy.

Contents of Heliophaninae by Petrunkevitch, no such taxon in Simon 1901a.