RETURN TO DATABASE - ALTERNATIVE CLASSIFICATION
SALTICIDAE OF THE WORLD - Abstract - INDEX of Genera - FOREWORD & KEY to groups of genera! - AEURILLINES - Comparison HISTORICAL classification of Aelurilleae - AMYCINES- AMYCOIDA VARIA - ASTIAINES - BELIPPINES - CHRYSILLINES - COCALODINES - COLONINES [=Thiodinines] - DENDRYPHANTINES - DIOLENINES - EUOPHRYINES-PART 1 Introduction-Donoessus- EUOPHRYINES-PART 2 Echeclus-Pystira - EUOPHRYINES- PART 3 Rhyphelia-Zenodorus - EUPOAINES - EVARCHINES - FOSSILS - HABRONATTINES - HARMOCHIRINES - HELIOPHANINES - HISPONINES - HYLLINES - ICIINES - LAPSIINES - LIGONIPEINES - LYSSOMANINES - MENEMERINES - MYRMARACHNINES - NOTICIINES - PELLENINES - PSEUDICIINES - SIMAETHINES - SITTICINES - SPARTAEINES - THIRATOSCIRTINAE - YAGINUMAELLINES - YLLENINES - UNCLASSIFIED TEMPORARY - Maddison's views on Salticidae phylogeny 2014 - Omoedus synonymy
OUT OF DATE CLASSIFICATORY SYSTEMS -Simon's classification - Petrunkevich synthesis-1928 - Bonnet's list of subfamilies - Prószynski's revision of subfamilies 1976.
Monograph
of the Salticidae (Araneae) of the World 1995-2015.
Introduction to alternative classification of Salticidae
Classification of the Salticidae genera of the World
group of genera
MYRMARACHNINES
by Jerzy
Prószyński
Version December 31st, 2015
Note on illustrations. This introduction to classification
of Salticidae includes only species defined by diagnostic illustrations in
the taxonomic literature, arranged by similarities of embolus and spermophor.
Images are displayed as thumbnails to save space and allow for rapid scanning
of theoretically closely-related species. Thumbnails are small versions
of illustrations in other parts of the monograph, whera are displayed
together with particulars of their sources and permissions.
.
Gen. Myrmavola Prószyński, 2016 gen. n. (8 species)
[proposed as partial synonym for the
genus Myrmarachne ].
Type species Damoetas galianoae Prószyński, 2001
ETYMOLOGY. Name combines words Myrmarachne and volatilis,
assumed grammar gender - feminine.
Diagnosis (Figures 80-96). Spermathecae "pipes-like", stretching parallel along median axis of epigyne, differ from Myrmarachne by lack of spermathecal
transverse detour, instead
apical end of pipes is twisted into single loop, much broadened, having internal wall covered by short
spines resembling
that in Myrmele, posterior parts of pipes are very thin. Copulatory ducts, invisible without staining, make membranous coils, running from copulatory openings, near median septum of epigyne, towards posterior end of spermathecae, near posterior rim of epigyne. Posterior pocket small, diverse in particular species. Male palps with bulbus oval, encircled with coils of embolus, spermophor running along posterior part of margin of bulbus, it has narrow branch running anteriorwards, but disappearing under coil of embolus without completing small loop in visible part of bulbus. As irregularities in appearance of spermophor are visible in several genera of MYRMARACHNINES, in difference to typical Myrmarachne, this structure deserves closer attention in future research. Tibial apophysis (RTA) inclined and gently bent, but not twisted. Male chelicerae medium long, with ventral edge lobate anteriorly, with a group of somewhat longer teeth.
Body without constrictions, with thorax gently sloping, abdomen oval, pointed posteriorly. Body in M. christae longer. Color pattern in some species with
dark transverse band across abdomen, which is not common in MYRMARACHNINES.
Integral part of the definition are drawings below.
Note on placement. Note on placement. Edwards & Benjamin [2009] were partially right, proposing to remove Damoetas galianoae Prószynski, 2001 and D. christae Prószynski, 2001 from that genus, and pointing at similarities of the single ventral loop in their spermathecal complex to the volatilis and electrica groups of Myrmarachne. However, they were wrong basing placement on palp appearance, which is poor character in separating genera in MYRMARACHNINES, also body shape is entirely unreliable, because is influenced by mimicking various ants, or other insects. Since both species are placed now in a new genus Myrmavola gen. n., replacement of the species name "galianoae" is superfluous, because Damoetas galianoae was never used in the primary literature in combination with genus "Myrmarachne", so it is not a homonym.
See also description of Myrmavola yamasaki sp. n. below
Composition. The genus contains two species described originally in the genus Damoetas Peckham & Peckham, 1886: M. christae (Prószynski, 2001), comb. n., and M. galianoae (Prószynski, 2001), comb. n. The following species are transferred from genus Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839: Myrmavola andrewi (Wanless,1978), comb. n., M. brevichelicera (Yamasaki, Ahmad, 2013), comb. n., M. eumenes (Simon, 1900), M. globosa (Wanless,
1978), comb. n., M. longiventris (Simon, 1903), M. volatilis (Peckham & Peckham, 1892), comb.
n., M. yamanei (Yamasaki, 2012), comb. n.. Species M. yamasakii Prószyński,
sp. n. is described as new (see below).
Figures 80-83. Diversity of internal structures of epigyne and its internal structures in: 80, 80a - Myrmavola galianoae (Prószynski, 2001) comb. n., 81, 81b - M. christae Prószynski 2001 comb. n., 82-83 - Myrmavola yamasaki Prószynski, 2001 sp. n. [misidentified as Myrmarachne mariaelenae by Yamasaki & Ahmad 2013, ventral and dorsal side up. 80-81 - from Prószynski 2001. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 51: 519-520, f. 1-10, 82-84 - from Yamasaki & Ahmad 2003. Zootaxa 3710: 534, f. 26A-G, 27A-G. © 2013
Magnolia Press. By courtesy.
Figures 84-93. Diversity of male palps and body in Myrmavola galianoae (Prószynski, 2001), comb. n. (84-87), M. yamasaki Prószynski 2001 sp. n. [misidentified as Myrmarachne mariaelenae by Yamasaki & Ahmad 2013 (88-93).
84-85, 92 - body, 86-90 - palps, 91 - chelicer, 93 - sternum.
80-81 - from Prószynski 2001. Annales Zoologici, 51: 519-520, f. 1-10, 82-84 - from Yamasaki & Ahmad 2003. Zootaxa 3710: 534, f. 26A-G, 27A-G. © 2013
Magnolia Press. By courtesy.
a)b) |
Figures 94-96. Diversity of female body in Myrmavola christae (Prószynski, 2001) comb. n., (94) M. yamasaki Prószynski, 2001 sp. n. [misidentified as Myrmarachne mariaelenae by Yamasaki & Ahmad 2013 (95-96). 94-95, body dorsal and lateral view and carapace, 96 - sternum. 94 - from Prószynski 2001. Annales Zoologici, 51: 519-520, f. 1-10, 95-96 - from Yamasaki & Ahmad 2003. Zootaxa 3710: 534, f. 26A-G, 27A-G. © 2013 Magnolia Press. By courtesy. .
Females of Myrmavola yamanei [female] +b) eumenes +c) volatilis +d) brevichelicera: Wanless 1978a. Bull. brit. Mus. nat. Hist. (Zool.), 33 (1): 103-105, ff. 66b-e, g-h,
j, 67a, d-e +b) 114-115, figs 73A-K; 74A-E +c) 419-420, ff. 62A-C + Zabka 1985. Ann. zool., 39, 11: ff. 368-371 +d)+b) Yamasaki, Ahmad 2013. Zootaxa
3710 (6): 515-518, f 11A–G, 12A–F. © 2013 Magnolia Press.
By courtesy.
Myrmavola
andrewi +b) yamanei [male] +c) brevichelicera :
Wanless 1978a. Bull. brit. Mus. nat. Hist. (Zool.), 33 (1): 103-105, ff. 66b-e, g-h,
j, 67a, d-e +b) Yamasaki 2012b. 104: 173-177, f 55-66 +b) Yamasaki, Ahmad 2013. Zootaxa
3710 (6): 515-518, f 11A–G, 12A–F. © 2013 Magnolia Press.
By courtesy.
1985. Ann. zool., 39, 11: ff. 368-371. By courtesy.
Myrmavola yamasakii Prószyński, 2016 sp. n.
Myrmarachne mariaelenae:
Yamasaki & Ahmad 2013 (misidentified) syn. n.
Myrmarachne mariaelenae:
Yamasaki & Ahmad 2013: 534, f. 26A-G, 27A-G (misidentified) syn. n.
Material: Syntypes
2 males and 3 females, Gunung Alab, Crocker Range Park, Sabah, 9
X 2010, T. Yamasaki leg.; 5 males and 24 females, Kinabalu Park
Headquarter area, Sabah, 10–12
XI 2010, T. Yamasaki leg. [studied by T. Yamasaki].
Etymology. Named for Dr. Takeshi Yamasaki, an author of excellent
papers on Myrmarachne.
Diagnosis (Figures 82-83, 88-93, 95-96). Resembling Myrmavola galianoae (Prószyński, 2001), comb. n.,
from which differs distinctly by small and narrow
posterior pocket of epigyne, fitted into wide span between
proximal ends of spermathecal "pipes",
in M. christae (Prószyński, 2001), comb. n., the posterior pocket is also small and narrow,
but posterior ends of "pipes" are very close each other and
pocket is fitted tightly. In males bulbus oval with
open additional loop, tibial apophysis slightly longer than in Myrmarachne,
gently waving apically, but not twisted, there is no flange. For full description - see
Yamasaki & Ahmad 2013. Zootaxa 3710(6): 534-535. Drawings above are integral part of the definition.
Nomenclatorical note. Original name of this species - Myrmarachne
mariaelenae used by Yamasaki & Ahmad, 2013 is a result
of double mistake, the first - assumption by Edwards
& Benjamin, 2009: 14 that the species Damoetas
galianoae Prószyński, 2001 should
be transferred to the genus Myrmarachne, where
would become junior homonym of Myrmarachne galianoae Cutler,
1981. Hence they replaced specific name by "mariaelenae".
Because classification to Myrmarachne cannot be sustained,
the replacement name become superfluous as
never used in the primary literature.
The second mistake was identification of the species
described by Yamasaki & Ahmad as conspecific with "mariaelenae" -
that is originally "galianoae",
as these specimen are in fact not conspecific, it become necessary
to describe them under new name. Informed on changed
status of this species Dr.
Yamasaki did not use the occasion to describe it himself.
Distribution.
Species known from Borneo: Sabah.
REFERENCES. Yamasaki T., Ahmad A.H. 2013. N. 3710. P. 534-535. Figs 26A–G,
27A–G.
|
Myrmavola
yamasaki sp. n. [Misidentified as Myrmarachne
maraielenae by Yamasaki & Ahmad 2013] 238-239 - internal
structure of epigyne, ventral and dorsal views; 240-242 - male palp, ventral,
lateral views and tibia; 243 - male chelicera; 244, 246 - habitus of male
and female; 245, sternum and carapace of male. From Borneo. After
Yamasaki & Ahmad [2013], © Magnolia Press. By courtesy. |